本文介绍了经典懒惰的概率路线图算法（Lazy PRM）的修订，该算法是由配对PRM和一种新颖的分支和切割（BC）算法产生的。切割是动态生成的约束，这些约束在PRM选择的几何图上施加的最低成本路径。削减消除无法映射到满足适当定义运动学约束的平滑计划中的路径。我们通过在最低成本路径中将花键拟合到顶点来生成候选平滑计划。使用最近提出的算法对计划进行了验证，该算法将它们映射到有限的痕迹中，而无需选择固定的离散步骤。痕量元素准确地描述了计划交叉约束边界何时模拟算术精度。我们使用我们最近提出的谷仓基准的方法评估了几个计划者，我们报告了方法可扩展性的证据。

我们介绍了一种新的算法，基于回归的监督学习（RSL），用于每个实例神经网络（NN）为经典计划问题定义的启发式功能。RSL使用回归来选择与目标不同距离的相关状态集。然后，RSL制定了一个监督的学习问题，以获取定义NN启发式的参数，并使用标记为目标状态的精确或估计距离的选定状态。我们的实验研究表明，RSL在覆盖范围内优于先前的经典计划NN启发式功能，同时需要减少两个数量级的训练时间。

Modelling and forecasting real-life human behaviour using online social media is an active endeavour of interest in politics, government, academia, and industry. Since its creation in 2006, Twitter has been proposed as a potential laboratory that could be used to gauge and predict social behaviour. During the last decade, the user base of Twitter has been growing and becoming more representative of the general population. Here we analyse this user base in the context of the 2021 Mexican Legislative Election. To do so, we use a dataset of 15 million election-related tweets in the six months preceding election day. We explore different election models that assign political preference to either the ruling parties or the opposition. We find that models using data with geographical attributes determine the results of the election with better precision and accuracy than conventional polling methods. These results demonstrate that analysis of public online data can outperform conventional polling methods, and that political analysis and general forecasting would likely benefit from incorporating such data in the immediate future. Moreover, the same Twitter dataset with geographical attributes is positively correlated with results from official census data on population and internet usage in Mexico. These findings suggest that we have reached a period in time when online activity, appropriately curated, can provide an accurate representation of offline behaviour.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become commonplace to solve routine everyday tasks. Because of the exponential growth in medical imaging data volume and complexity, the workload on radiologists is steadily increasing. We project that the gap between the number of imaging exams and the number of expert radiologist readers required to cover this increase will continue to expand, consequently introducing a demand for AI-based tools that improve the efficiency with which radiologists can comfortably interpret these exams. AI has been shown to improve efficiency in medical-image generation, processing, and interpretation, and a variety of such AI models have been developed across research labs worldwide. However, very few of these, if any, find their way into routine clinical use, a discrepancy that reflects the divide between AI research and successful AI translation. To address the barrier to clinical deployment, we have formed MONAI Consortium, an open-source community which is building standards for AI deployment in healthcare institutions, and developing tools and infrastructure to facilitate their implementation. This report represents several years of weekly discussions and hands-on problem solving experience by groups of industry experts and clinicians in the MONAI Consortium. We identify barriers between AI-model development in research labs and subsequent clinical deployment and propose solutions. Our report provides guidance on processes which take an imaging AI model from development to clinical implementation in a healthcare institution. We discuss various AI integration points in a clinical Radiology workflow. We also present a taxonomy of Radiology AI use-cases. Through this report, we intend to educate the stakeholders in healthcare and AI (AI researchers, radiologists, imaging informaticists, and regulators) about cross-disciplinary challenges and possible solutions.

Network models are an essential block of modern networks. For example, they are widely used in network planning and optimization. However, as networks increase in scale and complexity, some models present limitations, such as the assumption of markovian traffic in queuing theory models, or the high computational cost of network simulators. Recent advances in machine learning, such as Graph Neural Networks (GNN), are enabling a new generation of network models that are data-driven and can learn complex non-linear behaviors. In this paper, we present RouteNet-Fermi, a custom GNN model that shares the same goals as queuing theory, while being considerably more accurate in the presence of realistic traffic models. The proposed model predicts accurately the delay, jitter, and loss in networks. We have tested RouteNet-Fermi in networks of increasing size (up to 300 nodes), including samples with mixed traffic profiles -- e.g., with complex non-markovian models -- and arbitrary routing and queue scheduling configurations. Our experimental results show that RouteNet-Fermi achieves similar accuracy as computationally-expensive packet-level simulators and it is able to accurately scale to large networks. For example, the model produces delay estimates with a mean relative error of 6.24% when applied to a test dataset with 1,000 samples, including network topologies one order of magnitude larger than those seen during training.

Image analysis technologies empowered by artificial intelligence (AI) have proved images and videos to be an opportune source of data to learn about humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) population sizes and dynamics. With the advent of social media, platforms such as YouTube present an abundance of video data across spatiotemporal contexts documenting humpback whale encounters from users worldwide. In our work, we focus on automating the classification of YouTube videos as relevant or irrelevant based on whether they document a true humpback whale encounter or not via deep learning. We use a CNN-RNN architecture pretrained on the ImageNet dataset for classification of YouTube videos as relevant or irrelevant. We achieve an average 85.7% accuracy, and 84.7% (irrelevant)/ 86.6% (relevant) F1 scores using five-fold cross validation for evaluation on the dataset. We show that deep learning can be used as a time-efficient step to make social media a viable source of image and video data for biodiversity assessments.

共处的触觉传感是一种基本的启发技术，用于灵巧操纵。然而，可变形的传感器在机器人，握住的对象和环境之间引入了复杂的动力学，必须考虑进行精细操纵。在这里，我们提出了一种学习软触觉传感器膜动力学的方法，该动力学解释了由握把对象和环境之间的物理相互作用引起的传感器变形。我们的方法将膜的感知3D几何形状与本体感受反应扳手结合在一起，以预测以机器人作用为条件的未来变形。从膜的几何形状和反应扳手中回收了抓握的物体姿势，从触觉观察模型中解耦相互作用动力学。我们在两个现实世界的接触任务上基准了我们的方法：用握把标记和手中旋转的绘画。我们的结果表明，明确建模膜动力学比基准实现了更好的任务性能和对看不见的对象的概括。

人类仍在执行许多高精度（DIS）任务，而这是自动化的理想机会。本文提供了一个框架，该框架使非专家的人类操作员能够教机器人手臂执行复杂的精确任务。该框架使用可变的笛卡尔阻抗控制器来执行从动力学人类示范中学到的轨迹。可以给出反馈以进行交互重塑或加快原始演示。董事会本地化是通过对任务委员会位置的视觉估算来完成的，并通过触觉反馈进行了完善。我们的框架在机器人基准拆卸挑战上进行了测试，该机器人必须执行复杂的精确任务，例如关键插入。结果显示每个操纵子任务的成功率很高，包括盒子中新型姿势的情况。还进行了消融研究以评估框架的组成部分。

我们提出了X-NERF，这是一种基于神经辐射场公式，从具有不同光谱敏感性的相机捕获的跨光谱场景表示的新颖方法，给出了从具有不同光谱灵敏度的相机捕获的图像。X-NERF在训练过程中优化了整个光谱的相机姿势，并利用归一化的跨设备坐标（NXDC）从任意观点呈现不同模态的图像，这些观点是对齐的，并以相同的分辨率对齐。在16个前面的场景上进行的实验，具有颜色，多光谱和红外图像，证实了X-NERF在建模跨光谱场景表示方面的有效性。

训练有素的神经网络的性能至关重要。加上深度学习模型的不断增长的规模，这种观察激发了对学习稀疏模型的广泛研究。在这项工作中，我们专注于控制稀疏学习时的稀疏水平的任务。基于稀疏性惩罚的现有方法涉及对罚款因素的昂贵反复试验调整，因此缺乏直接控制所得模型的稀疏性。作为响应，我们采用了一个约束的公式：使用Louizos等人提出的栅极机制。 （2018年），我们制定了一个受约束的优化问题，其中稀疏以训练目标和所需的稀疏目标以端到端的方式指导。使用WIDERESNET和RESNET {18，50}模型进行了CIFAR-10/100，Tinyimagenet和ImageNet的实验验证了我们的提案的有效性，并证明我们可以可靠地实现预定的稀疏目标，而不会损害预测性能。